Titanium alloy TC4 will have problems such as workpiece deformation and bonding during the machining process, so the processing is difficult. This study used ABAQUS software to create a simulation model. In this paper, the influence of ultrasonic elliptical vibration turning and conventional cutting on the mechanical characteristics of titanium alloy TC4 was compared, and the influence of the cutting speed, tangential amplitude, frequency and cutting depth of ultrasonic elliptical vibration turning TC4 titanium alloy on the cutting force was analyzed. The results show that the average cutting force of ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting increases with the increase of cutting depth and cutting speed, and decreases with the increase of tangential amplitude and vibration frequency. Compared with conventional cutting, ultrasonic elliptical vibration cutting can significantly reduce cutting force, improve surface machining quality and improve machining efficiency..